Its innovative hydrolysis technique and various applications in wastewater treatment and industrial processes.
New Polyacrylamide Process
Polyacrylamide is produced through a light-induced, adiabatic polymerization followed by hydrolysis, resulting in a product that is highly soluble and effective as a flocculant. With an annual production exceeding a thousand tons, PAM meets the diverse needs of various industries, including urban and industrial wastewater treatment, oil fields, papermaking, metal mining, coal washing, textile dyeing, and leather processing. Its low dosage and significant effectiveness make it a cost-effective solution for water purification.
Mechanism of Action
1. Flocculation Principle: The effectiveness of PAM in flocculation is influenced by the surface properties of the particles being treated, particularly their zeta potential, viscosity, turbidity, and pH levels. By introducing PAM with an opposite charge to the particles, it reduces the zeta potential and promotes aggregation.
2. Bridging Adsorption: PAM molecules can anchor to different particle surfaces, forming polymer bridges that facilitate particle aggregation and settling.
3. Surface Adsorption: The polar groups on PAM molecules enhance the adsorption of various particles.
4. Reinforcement: PAM chains interact with dispersed phases through mechanical, physical, and chemical means to create a network structure.
Technical Process
Sedimentation occurs when insoluble substances form during chemical reactions. It involves removing suspended solids from wastewater through gravity-driven processes. The sedimentation method can be categorized into:
– Natural Sedimentation
– Flocculant-Assisted Sedimentation
– Zone Sedimentation: This occurs when the concentration of suspended solids is high (over 5000 mg/L), leading to a clear interface between settled solids and clarified water.
In wastewater treatment, PAM is particularly effective when the concentration of suspended solids is low, allowing for independent settling without altering particle shapes or causing aggregation during the sedimentation process.
Usage Guidelines
1. Preparation: Granular PAM must be dissolved in clean water before application; direct addition to wastewater is not recommended.
2. Water Quality: Use clean water (like tap water) for dissolution; avoid wastewater or extreme pH levels as they can hinder solubility.
3. Concentration: Recommended solution concentration ranges from 0.1% to 0.3%, equating to 1-3 grams of polymer per liter of water.
This overview captures the essence of the new polyacrylamide process and its applications while detailing its mechanisms and usage guidelines effectively.